Modal

Modal is serverless Python compute with a Sandbox API bolted onto a GPU-first platform. We compare it in Sandbox providers. It is one of only 3 of 13 tools in its roster with GPU.

What is Modal?

Modal — Serverless Python compute with a Sandbox API bolted onto a GPU-first platform. Modal is a serverless runtime for Python workloads built on gVisor, with its own scheduler and years of aggressive container-start engineering behind it. The Sandbox API exposes that infrastructure for running untrusted or agent-generated code, including on GPUs. It is the strongest option here if the sandbox needs to sit next to real ML work, and an awkward fit if you just want a plain Linux box. Founded 2021. Series B.

We track it in 1 comparison — Sandbox providers — so every claim below is a cell in a table you can open and check rather than an impression. Across those rosters it sits against 19 other tools, and what follows is where it visibly separates from them.

Where it wins.

  • GPU — Yes, which only 3 of 13 tools here manage.
  • Funding — series-b, 5th of 15.

Each of those is ranked against the whole roster on its category page, not against a hand-picked subset, so a first place here means first of everything we list.

Provenance. 25 of 26 tracked fields carry a value for Modal, and 11 of those cite a document you can open. Last verified 2026-07-23. Every figure keeps its own provenance — measured by us, claimed by the vendor, inferred, or community-reported — and we would rather print a dash than a guess.

Its nearest neighbour in our data is ascii. Modal is ahead on Meter (per-second against subscription) and Custom images (Yes against Partial). That pattern repeats across the rest of the roster — see Modal alternatives for the other rivals, each compared the same way.

At a glance
Founded
2021
Funding
Series B
Fields we track
25 of 26
Last verified
2026-07-23

Modal in Sandbox providers

Ranked against 20 tools across 26 sourced fields. Open the full Sandbox providers table.

Buy Modal for the GPU story and the Python ergonomics, not for boot time — it is a serverless compute platform that grew a Sandbox API, and it shows. If your agent needs to run inference next to the code it just generated, nothing else here is close.

Where it lands in this roster
Cold start
1.5 s11th of 16
Inferred
GPU
Yes1st of 13
Vendor-claimedverified 2026-01-15source
Price / hour
$0.238 /hr8th of 9
Inferredverified 2026-07-23source
Isolation
gvisor11th of 16
Vendor-claimedverified 2026-01-15source
Custom images
Yes1st of 20
Vendor-claimedverified 2026-01-15source
Streaming output
Yes1st of 16
Vendor-claimedverified 2026-01-15source
Max runtime
1440 min1st of 16
Vendor-claimedverified 2026-01-15source
Persistent FS
Yes1st of 16
Vendor-claimedverified 2026-01-15source

When to use Modal

Modal is the right call in these situations, each one drawn from a field we actually record:

  • The sandbox needs a GPU on a self-serve plan.
  • Your team is Python-first and already writes Modal functions.
  • One platform for batch ML and untrusted execution.
  • GPU is your binding constraint. Modal records Yes, which only 3 of the 13 tools in the Sandbox providers roster do. We define that field as whether a sandbox can be attached to a GPU on a self-serve plan.
  • Funding is your binding constraint. Modal records series-b, 5th of 15 in the Sandbox providers roster. We define that field as latest disclosed funding stage of the company operating the product, as a crude proxy for how long it can keep subsidising compute.

When not to use Modal

Nothing in our data disqualifies Modal on a field we score — it is not bottom of its roster on anything weighted. That does not make it universally correct. The honest failure modes for a tool in this position are commercial rather than technical: pricing that changes under you, a licence that changes under you, or a roadmap that drifts away from your use case. Check the timeline for changes we have logged, and Modal alternatives for what teams move to when it stops fitting.

Modal head-to-head

Full editorial comparisons — verdict, choose-if blocks and the fields that actually decide it. We only publish these where we have something to say, so this list is short on purpose.

Tools compared alongside Modal

Everything below shares at least one comparison category with Modal, ordered by how much overlap there is. For the reasoning on each — which fields it wins, which it loses — see Modal alternatives.
box
Persistent Linux VMs with SSH, per-VM IPv4 and disk-level forking, priced flat.
E2B
Open-source Firecracker sandboxes with Python and TypeScript SDKs for AI agents.

Recent Modal changes

  • 2025-06-01 · fundingModal raises a large Series BModal announced a Series B at a valuation around $1.1bn, funding continued work on container cold starts and GPU capacity. It is the best-capitalised of the agent-adjacent compute vendors on this page.
Full Modal changelog

Sources and gaps

What we don't know. 1 of the 26 fields we track for Modal are still blank: GitHub stars. Those render as dashes rather than as zeroes or assumptions, because an empty cell and a bad cell are not the same thing and only one of them is honest. If you know any of these figures and can point at a document, tell us.

Every figure on this page traces back to a document you can open. Where a vendor claims a number we could not reproduce, the cell says so.